Europe’s research and innovation (R&I) system is under mounting pressure as demographic decline, rapid technological
shifts, and constrained funding begin to alter student intake, the graduate pipeline, and research career prospects. By 2050, Europe could face 1.5 million fewer higher education students and a 12% decline in the labour force. These trends call for bold, future-oriented strategies.

Comissionned by DG Research & Innovation, the Foresight-on-Demand project team adopted a structured foresight architecture designed to translate broad uncertainties into actionable strategy. A hybrid and multi-stage strategic foresight methodology was used to systematically assess the impact of demographic change on the European R&I system.

What you'll find in this report:

• Background data showing a shrinking youth population, a declining workforce, and growing fiscal pressures on R&I funding.
• A six-step Foresight Process combining horizon scanning, scenario-building, and windtunneling to anticipate future challenges.
• Four Scenarios illustrating different pathways for Europe’s R&I system.
• Strategic actions to protect fundamental research, foster lifelong learning, strengthen regional innovation, and build societal trust in technology.